Stay up to date on the latest science with Brush Up Summaries. “Molecular farming started out with transgenic plants,” said Rybicki. Scientists developed several strategies to produce transgenic ...

The Nature Index 2026 Research Leaders reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural sciences, health sciences, applied sciences and social sciences, according to their ...

Inside cells there are tiny particles, known as extracellular vesicles, that store and move molecules. Our cells naturally package beneficial proteins and healing compounds into these tiny bubbles, ...

Bioprocessing is an umbrella term that describes the research, development, manufacturing, and commercialization of products derived from or used by biological systems. For industrial purposes, ...

A UK-based molecular farming start-up has developed a new genetic engineering method to make lower-cost growth factors from tobacco plants that can be used for cultivated meat production. Manchester’s ...

Schematic of a typical bioreactor. Key components include the reactor tank, agitation system, feeding pump, thermal jacket, submerged aerator, and sensor probes for monitoring and maintaining optimal ...