Many precision test-and-measurement and high-speed analog applications require an exact targeted voltage to be delivered to the device under test or intended load to accurately analyze the device.

In superconducting circuits, currents can flow without applying any electric field. The role of the electrostatic potential difference required to drive a current in conventional circuits is played ...

In many situations, designers must control the phase of an output signal in order to make certain circuits work properly. At low frequencies, an op amp can be used to vary the phase. But as the ...

Tell us about your research group. The Antenna Research Group at the University of Colorado Boulder focusses on applied electromagnetics research where, for example, we demonstrated an antenna-based ...

The phase determines the oscillation frequency, and gain is a criterion for oscillation to exist. The four poles in the loop equation each contribute –45° phase shift accumulating the required total ...